In this study, the characterization of hydroxycinnamic acid, saponins, allicins, flavonoids, and terpenoids from vitex doniana was carried out using gas chromatography. Vitex doniana, antiinflammatory, analgesic, ulcerogenic activity. Group i received carbopol 974p nf empty gel, groups ii and iii were treated topically with carbopol gel containing 2. Phytochemical and gas chromatograpymass spectrophotometeric. Vitex doniana sweet, a plant commonly known black plum. Vitex doniana of the genus verbenaceae, also known as black plum, is found in southern nigeria agbafor and nwachukwu, 2011. Here, the free radical scavenging properties of the extracts against 2,2diphenyl1picryl hydrazyl. It is commonly known as black plum or african olive 2, and as mbembe in ebonyi state, nigeria, where it abounds in the wild. Pdf an in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activity of vitex. The effects of ethanolic extract of vitex doniana stem bark on. Itis also taken to improved fertility and the juice may be squeezed into the eyes to treat eye troubles.
Antifungal, antibacterial and antioxidant properties of. Vitex doniana is a tropical plant species of the family lamiaceae, highly prized in parts of cote divoire including gontougo region east 15, 16 and poro for its fruit and edible leaves. Skin toxicity test was performed with the gel containing vitex doniana at 5% and the pure extract at 30 mgml. In cote divoire, in nutritional therms, soro et al. The generic name, vitex, is an old latin name for the genus. Black plum vitex doniana sweet is a plant widely used by various communities in nigeria for many purposes, including production of wine and jam. Vitex doniana is used ethnomedicinally for the management of madness, insanity, and epilepsy. Phytochemical analysis, antiinflammatory and analgesic. Identification of the aroma compounds in vitex doniana sweet. Doses of 250, 500, and mgkg avd were adopted for the pharmacological testing in mice of both. Bole diameter can grow up to 90 cm, often slightly fluted at base.
Effects of aqueous vitex doniana on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes in liver tissues table 1 shows the effect of aqueous root bark, stem bark, and leaves extract of v. Pdf nutritional and phytochemical properties of wild. The antifungal activity has been investigated against six species of aspergillus by measuring. Black plum vitex doniana is an indigenous fruit tree species important for the livelihoods of rural populations. Phytochemical analysis and antioxidant property of leaf. Caffeic acid and pcoumaric acid were the most occurring hydroxycinnamic acid, while cichoric acid and sinapic acid were the lowest in am. Bark rough, pale brown or greyishwhite, rather smooth with narrow vertical fissures. Relationship between the mechanical properties of vitex doniana, a lesser known wood species was investigated towards determining its potentials for utilization. One of the major constraints for domesticating widely used wild tree resources by local communities is the lack of adequate propagation techniques. Vitex doniana were obtained from medical microbiology department of the bauers method.
Bactericidal activity was obtained by carica papaya, pseudarthria confertiflora, moringa oleifera and harungana madagascariensis. Oct 30, 2020 vitex doniana is a tropical plant species of the family lamiaceae, highly prized in parts of cote divoire including gontougo region east 15, 16 and poro for its fruit and edible leaves. Plants free fulltext initial plant vigor and short. Currently, there is renewed national and international interest in black plum, and it has emerged as a priority species for domestication in africa. The fruit is use to improve fertility and to treat. Preliminary evaluation of the wound healing effect of. The aim of this work was to evaluate the efficiency of vitex doniana on cutaneous wound healing. A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment for the degree of master of science in. Phenolic compounds characterisation and antioxidant. Enhancing germination and seedling growth in vitex doniana. Vitex doniana is a fastgrowing species at the nursery stage, in contrast to the common opinion.
Standardized extract of vitex doniana sweet stalls protein. Vitex doniana belongs to the family verbenaceae and it is widely distributed in the tropical countries of africa like nigeria. The reducing potentials of these plants were also evaluated. Protective effects of vitex doniana black plum against. Assessment of invitro antioxidant activities of ocimum. It is a deciduous small to mediumsized tree up to 25 m tall with branchless bole for up to 11 m. It has a pivotal role in regulation of physiological processes. The results of histological evaluation supported the outcome of excision wound model. In vivo antioxidant and hepatoprotective properties of. Vitex doniana sweet vds is the edible fruit that belongs to the family. Vitex doniana belongs to are detrimental to the environment and the the family verbenaceae. Journal of pharmacognosy and phytotherapy antifungal. The medicinal applications of vitex doniana and mucuna pruriens have not been given a scientific base.
Benin, tant for the livelihoods of rural populations. Mycoflora within black plum vitex doniana sweet fruits fruits. Oxidative stress and impaired antioxidant system have been implicated in the pathophysiology of diverse disease states. The stem bark of vitex doniana leaves were collected in. Apparently healthy, disease free albino rats n 35, weighing 146 221 g were obtained from and housed in. Characterization and applications of oils extracted from. It is the most widespread of the genus commonly found in savannah regions and useful in management of diseases dauda et al. There are other species of vitex, such as vitex ferruginea, vitex grandifolia, vitex chrysocarpa, vitex simplicifolia and vitex rivularis. Cymes very compound, very dense, axillary, shortly peduncled. In vivo antioxidant effect of aqueous root bark, stem bark. Pdf phytochemical analysis and antioxidant property of leaf. Relationship between mechanical properties of vitex. Relationship between mechanical properties of vitex doniana,a.
Sep 24, 2018 the ethanol extract of the leaves of ocimum gratissimum, vitex doniana, carica papaya and peristrophe bicalyculata were assessed for antioxidant activities by the use of 2, 2diphenyl1picrylhydrazyl dpph free radical assay. Pdf biodiesel production from vitex doniana black plum. The antiinflammatory and analgesic activities of extract of leaves of vitex doniana sweet verbenaceae were investigated as well as the mechanisms of action. Vitex doniana, antimicrobial susceptibility, traditional medicine. The proximate composition, mineral and vitamin contents of the fresh and processed leaves were subsequently determined, using standard methods. Evaluation of the antiinflammatory and analgesic activities of vitex. Vitex doniana sweet fverbanaceae evaluation of pharmacological basis of use in traditional medicine sifuma,shaban w. Inhibitory potential and antidiabetic activity of leaf. Although all 70 vitex species might be worth investigating, we highlight below 7 seemingly representative examples. Biology vitex species generally exhibit hermaphroditism, where both functional male and female organs are in the same flower lars schmidt, 2000.
Four trees obtained from the free area of olokemeji forest reserve, ogun state, nigeria were. Pdf disturbance and population structure of vitex doniana sw. Effect of processing methods on the chemical composition. The extracts ethanol and distilled water were screened for the presence of phytochemicals, and their inhibition of 2,2diphenyl1picrylhydrazyl dpph radical was. Vitex doniana, hyperlipidemia, poloxamer 407, biochemical parameters 1. How the species withstands coppicing as an agricultural management practice was investigated in this research. Invitro antioxidant activities of ocimum gratissimum. A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment for the degree of master of science in pharmacognosy and complementary medicine of the university of nairobi. Pdf nutritional and phytochemical properties of wild black. Pdf black plum vitex doniana is an indigenous fruit tree species important for the livelihoods of rural populations. Aqueous extract of vitex doniana stem bark significantly p free pdf. The effects of ethanolic extract of vitex doniana stem. Common names include chaste tree or chastetree, traditionally referring to v. M department of botany and microbiology, faculty of science university of lagos, akoka, nigeria.
Research article invitro antioxidant activities of vitex. Black plum vitex doniana is an indigenous fruit tree species important for the livelihoods of. Collected data focused on diameter, height, number. Sustainable use and conservation of vitex doniana sweet. Hyperlipidemia is an elevation of one or more of the plasma lipids, including cholesterol, cholesterol esters, triglycerides and phospholipids raasch, 1988. Preference and suitability of nigerian grown gmelina.
Leaves 3foliolate, subcoriaceous, glabrous on both sides. Four trees obtained from the free area of olokemeji forest reserve, ogun state, nigeria were sampled at butt 50cm above the ground and at 10%. This is a very useful, multipurpose tree providing food, medicine and materials. Vitex doniana black plum, is a deciduous tree with a heavy rounded crown. Feb 23, 2017 however, there is no report yet on vitex doniana sweet. Invitro antioxidant activities of ocimum gratissimum, vitex. Pdf invitro antioxidant activities of ocimum gratissimum.
Hepatoprotective effect of vitex doniana fruits was monitored in acetaminopheninduced hepatotoxicity in mice. The result of quantitative phytochemical analysis of vitex doniana leaf revealed that vitex doniana leaf is rich in phytochemicals bioactive compounds with alkaloids 491. The stem bark of vitex doniana leaves were collected in kawuri. Phenolic compounds characterisation and antioxidant activity. Invitro antioxidant activities of ocimum gratissimum, vitex doniana. It is administered for ailments including diarrhoea and dysentery. Plants free fulltext initial plant vigor and short rotation. The plant commonly called black plum english, dinya hausa, oriri yoruba and ucha koro igbo, is a deciduous ever green tree, usually 48 metres high occasionally up to 15 metres with a dense rounded crown. Results and discussion the volatile fractions of both free and glycosidically bound v. At each site, 3 hives placed comprised the mixture of the 3 wood species hives. Black plum vitex doniana is an indigenous fruit tree species impor rep. Vitex doniana is traditionally used in togo to treat various diseases including wounds. Alternation of sundrying followed by soaking of seeds, a technique with almost no cost, improved seed germination in v. Vitex doniana is largely widespread in africa and can grow in a diversity of habitats ky, 2008.
The hepatoprotective activities of the methanol extract of vitex doniana stem bark were compared with silymarin, a known hepatoprotective drug. Invitro antioxidant potentials, phytochemical and proximate. Pdf fermentation of black plum vitex doniana sweet juice. Black plum tallest, most common, and best known of africaa s chocolate berries, this tree vitex doniana sweet4 produces purpleblack fruits that are sweet and mealy. The effect of free radical reactions in the body has been implicated in the etiology and. An aqueous extract of the chewing sticks has been shown to exhibit strong activity against a wide spectrum of bacteria including medically and dentally relevant bacteria, although the extracts of chewing sticks from garcinia kola and anogeissus leiocarpa had broader and generally stronger effects. Seven groups a g of five animals were used for this study. And vitex doniana sweet on the larvae of anopheles mosquito. Antibacterial assessment of whole stem bark of vitex doniana. Impact of vitex doniana extract in elimination of salmonella. This large genus is surrounding biodiversity clark, 2000.
Results of gas chromatographymass spectrometry gcms and gas chromatographyolfactometry gco of free and glycosidicallybound aromaactive compounds from vitex doniana sweet revealed a total of 35 compounds in the free fraction, and 28 compounds were in the bound fraction. Uses and management of black plum vitex doniana sweet in. The structure and natural regeneration of this species were studied in banikoara district, in northern benin. Wounds were induced in icr mice divided into four groups as following. Antifungal, antibacterial and antioxidant properties of adansonia digitata and vitex doniana from benin pharmacopeia latifou lagnika, madjid amoussa, yann adjovi and ambaliou sanni laboratory of biochemistry and molecular biology, faculty of sciences and technology, institute of applied biomedical sciences, university of abomeycalavi, 04 bp.
Extracts and powders produced from the leaves of two indigenous vegetables atama heinsia crinata and uchakoro vitex doniana were evaluated. The proximate analyses revealed that the vitex doniana and. Antibacterial screened of pseudartthria confertiflora was reported for the first time. Jun, 2019 an aqueous extract of the chewing sticks has been shown to exhibit strong activity against a wide spectrum of bacteria including medically and dentally relevant bacteria, although the extracts of chewing sticks from garcinia kola and anogeissus leiocarpa had broader and generally stronger effects. The best seedling growth was obtained with t4 and t3. Sedative, hypothermic, anxiolytic effects and rapid. Pdf sustainable use and conservation of vitex doniana sweet.
Introductionblack plum vitex doniana is a perennial shrub widely distributed in tropical west africa, extending eastward to uganda, kenya and tanzania in savanna and high rainfall area 1. To understand how stem cutting size or hormone application affect the sprouting and early growth ability in that. Phytochemical analysis and antioxidant property of leaf extracts of. Pdf fermentation of black plum vitex doniana sweet juice for. The extracts ethanol and distilled water were screened for the presence of. In the case of vitex doniana, seed propagation has usually been reported difficult and vegetative regeneration is rarely explored.
Fresh leaves of vitex doniana were subjected to different food processing methods such as drying, blanching and drying, fermentation of the leaf extract as well as blanching and fermentation of the leaf extract. Antibacterial assessment of whole stem bark of vitex doniana against some enterobactriaceae kilani a. The ethanol extracts of the leaves of ocimum gratissimum, vitex doniana, carica papaya and peristrophe bicalyculata were assessed for antioxidant activities by the use of 2, 2diphenyl1picrylhydrazyl dpph free radical assay. Pdf preference and suitability of nigerian grown gmelina. The phytochemical screening and antioxidant property of fresh leaves of vitex doniana and mucuna pruriens, used in the management and treatment of various diseases, were studied. The fruit can become a stable food during the raining season. Pdf uses and management of black plum vitex doniana sweet. However, there is no report yet on vitex doniana sweet. The extracts ethanol and distilled water were screened for the presence of phytochemicals, and.
Introduction vitex doniana verbernaceae commonly known as black plum or orinla is wide spread in the south western. Vitex doniana leaves in indomethacin induced ulcer model in experimental rats. The dichloromethane, methanol and hydroethanolic extracts from leaves of vitex donianaand stem bark of adansonia digitata have been investigated for their antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant activities and toxicity. Feb 23, 2017 this study aimed at providing an insight into the free and glycosidicallybound aroma compounds of vitex doniana sweet. Phytochemical screening and antibacterial activity of. The main objective was to develop strategies for conservation and sustainable use of this species. Vitex doniana, verbenaceae is a tree of 10 to 15 m 32 to 49 feet in height, commonly called fon, or ewe oyi by traditional healers and plants sellers in benin.
The chemical analysis of juice produced from harvested ripe vitex doniana fruit showed that it contained a soluble protein content of 75. It is commonly known as black plum or african olive 2, and as mbembe. The ability of an aqueous extract of vitex doniana stem bark to protect the liver of albino rats from carbon tetrachlorideinduced liver damage was reported by ladeji and okoye 1996. The ethanol extract of the leaves of ocimum gratissimum, vitex doniana, carica papaya and peristrophe bicalyculata were assessed for antioxidant activities by the use of 2, 2diphenyl1picrylhydrazyl dpph free radical assay.
Table 1 the concentration of volatile compounds free and bound identified in vitex doniana sweet g kg. And vitex doniana sweet on the larvae of anopheles mosquito 1 nnamani, catherine vera, 2oselebe, happiness ogba and 1ogbonna, anthony 1 department of applied biology, ebonyi state university, nigeria 2 department of crop production and land scape management ebonyi state university, nigeria. Evaluation of the antiinflammatory and analgesic activities. Introduction the liver, the largest gland is a vital organ. Vitex doniana sweet, a plant commonly known black plum, in english, prunier noir in french, dinya in hausa, ucha koro in igbo, oorinla in yoruba and ngarmi in kanuri is a mediumsized deciduous tree, 818m high, with a heavy rounded crown and a clear bole up to 5m. This study was undertaken to evaluate the sedative, hypothermic and anxiolytic effects of crude aqueous leaf extract of vitex doniana avd in mice, as well as its rapid radical scavenging property. Hypoglycemic effects of aqueous and methanolic leaf.
Structure, regeneration, black plum, conservation, banikoara, benin. Vitex doniana is a mediumsized deciduous tree, 818 m high, with a heavy rounded crown and a clear bole up to 5 m. Antibacterial assessment of whole stem bark of vitex. Group a served as the baseline control, gastric ulcer was induced in all the other. Pdf sustainable use and conservation of vitex doniana. Aqueous extract of vitex doniana stem bark significantly p vitex doniana, a lesser known wood species was investigated towards determining its potentials for utilization. Antihyperlipidemic potential of vitex donianaethanolextracts.
Jun 01, 1998 vitex doniana is a well known tree in nigeria, tropical africa and the savanna region. Chemical compounds with unpaired electrons in the body act as oxidants, they are generally very reactive and are capable of causing oxidative damage to biological molecules such as proteins, lipids, and also dna, which subsequently leads to mutation. Disturbance and population structure of vitex doniana sw. The effects of ethanolic extract of vitex doniana stem bark. Preliminary evaluation of the wound healing effect of vitex. Identification of the aroma compounds in vitex doniana. International journal of scientific research in science, engineering and technology 76 table 8. Preference and suitability of nigerian grown gmelina arborea. Four groups of processes were applied on the vegetables to obtain the samples. These different species have different names in different localities. Results and discussionresults of the analysis indicates that.
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